The nature of
my 0
avocations for the last thirty years has brought me 0
into more than ordinary contact with what would seem an interesting and somewhat singular set of
men 1
2 , of whom as yet nothing that I 0
know of has ever been written : -- I 0
mean the law-copyists 3
or scriveners 53
.
I 0
have known , professionally and privately , and if I 0
pleased , could relate divers histories , at which good-natured gentlemen 5
might smile , and sentimental souls 6
might weep .
But I 0
waive the biographies of all other scriveners 7
for a few passages in the life of Bartleby , who was a scrivener of the strangest
I 0
ever saw or heard of
8 .
While of other law-copyists 9
I 0
might write the complete life , of Bartleby 8
nothing of that sort can be done .
I 0
believe that no materials exist for a full and satisfactory biography of this man 8
.
It is an irreparable loss to literature .
Bartleby 8
was one of those beings of whom nothing is ascertainable , except from the original sources , and in his 8
case those are very small .
What my 0
own astonished eyes saw of Bartleby 8
, _ that _ is all I 0
know of him 8
, except , indeed , one vague report which will appear in the sequel .
Ere introducing the scrivener 8
, as he 8
first appeared to me 0
, it is fit I 0
make some mention of myself 0
, , , , and general surroundings 13
; because some such description is indispensable to an adequate understanding of the chief character about to be presented 8
.
Imprimis : I 0
am a man who , from
his 0
youth upwards , has been filled with a profound conviction that the easiest way of life is the best
59 .
Hence , though I 0
belong to a profession proverbially energetic and nervous , even to turbulence , at times , yet nothing of that sort have I 0
ever suffered to invade my 0
peace .
I 0
am one of
those unambitious lawyers who never addresses
a jury 15
, or in any way draws down public applause
14 60 ; but in the cool tranquility of a snug retreat , do a snug business among rich men 16
's bonds and mortgages and title-deeds .
All who know me 0
, consider me 0
an eminently _ safe _ man 54
.
The late John Jacob Astor 17
, a personage little given to poetic enthusiasm 55
, had no hesitation in pronouncing my 0
first grand point to be prudence ; my 0
next , method .
I 0
do not speak it in vanity , but simply record the fact , that I 0
was not unemployed in my 0
profession by the late John Jacob Astor 17
; a name which , I 0
admit , I 0
love to repeat , for it hath a rounded and orbicular sound to it , and rings like unto bullion .
I 0
will freely add , that I 0
was not insensible to the late John Jacob Astor 17
's good opinion .
Some time prior to the period at which this little history begins , my 0
avocations had been largely increased .
The good old office , now extinct in the State of New York 18
, of a Master in Chancery , had been conferred upon me 0
.
It was not a very arduous office , but very pleasantly remunerative .
I 0
seldom lose my 0
temper ; much more seldom indulge in dangerous indignation at wrongs and outrages ; but I 0
must be permitted to be rash here and declare , that I 0
consider the sudden and violent abrogation of the office of Master in Chancery , by the new Constitution , as a -- premature act ; inasmuch as I 0
had counted upon a life-lease of the profits , whereas I 0
only received those of a few short years .
But this is by the way .
were up stairs 19
at No .
-- Wall-street 20
.
At one end they 12
looked upon the white wall of the interior of a spacious sky-light shaft , penetrating
the building 22
from top to bottom
21 .
This view might have been considered rather tame than otherwise , deficient in what landscape painters 23
call " life . "
But if so , the view from the other end of offered , at least , a contrast , if nothing more .
In that direction my 0
windows commanded an unobstructed view of a lofty brick wall , black by age and everlasting shade ; which wall required no spy-glass to bring out its lurking beauties , but for the benefit of all near-sighted spectators 24
, was pushed up to within ten feet of my 0
window panes .
Owing to the great height of the surrounding buildings 25
, and being on the second floor , the interval between this wall and mine not a little resembled a huge square cistern .
At the period just preceding the advent of Bartleby 8
, I 0
had two persons 26
as copyists 61
in my 0
employment , and a promising lad 27
as an office-boy 62
.
First , Turkey 28
; second , Nippers 29
; third , Ginger Nut 27
.
These may seem names , the like of which are not usually found in the Directory .
In truth they were nicknames , mutually conferred upon each other by , and were deemed expressive of their 30
respective persons
31 or characters 32
.
Turkey 28
was a short , pursy Englishman of about
my 0
own age
63 , that is , somewhere not far from sixty .
In the morning , one might say , his 28
face was of a fine florid hue , but after twelve o'clock , meridian -- his 28
dinner hour -- it blazed like a grate full of Christmas coals ; and continued blazing -- but , as it were , with a gradual wane -- till 6 o'clock , P.M. or thereabouts , after which I 0
saw no more of the proprietor of the face , which gaining its meridian with the sun , seemed to set with it , to rise , culminate , and decline the following day , with the like regularity and undiminished glory 28
.
There are many singular coincidences I 0
have known in the course of my 0
life , not the least among which was the fact , that exactly when Turkey 28
displayed his 28
fullest beams from his 28
red and radiant countenance , just then , too , at that critical moment , began the daily period when I 0
considered his 28
business capacities as seriously disturbed for the remainder of the twenty-four hours .
Not that he 28
was absolutely idle , or averse to business then ; far from it .
The difficulty was , he 28
was apt to be altogether too energetic .
There was a strange , inflamed , flurried , flighty recklessness of activity about him 28
.
He 28
would be incautious in dipping his 28
pen into his 28
inkstand .
All his 28
blots upon my 0
documents , were dropped there after twelve o'clock , meridian .
Indeed , not only would he 28
be reckless and sadly given to making blots in the afternoon , but some days he 28
went further , and was rather noisy .
At such times , too , his 28
face flamed with augmented blazonry , as if cannel coal had been heaped on anthracite .
He 28
made an unpleasant racket with his 28
chair ; spilled his 28
sand-box ; in mending his 28
pens , impatiently split them all to pieces , and threw them on the floor in a sudden passion ; stood up and leaned over his 28
table , boxing his 28
papers about in a most indecorous manner , very sad to behold in an elderly man like
him 28
33 .
Nevertheless , as he 28
was in many ways a most valuable person to
me 0
64 , and all the time before twelve o'clock , meridian , was the quickest , steadiest creature 65
too , accomplishing a great deal of work in a style not easy to be matched -- for these reasons , I 0
was willing to overlook his 28
eccentricities , though indeed , occasionally , I 0
remonstrated with him 28
.
I 0
did this very gently , however , because , though the civilest , nay , the blandest and most reverential of men 66
in the morning , yet in the afternoon he 28
was disposed , upon provocation , to be slightly rash with his 28
tongue , in fact , insolent .
Now , valuing his 28
morning services as I 0
did , and resolved not to lose them ; yet , at the same time made uncomfortable by his 28
inflamed ways after twelve o'clock ; and being a man of peace 56
, unwilling by my 0
admonitions to call forth unseemly retorts from him 28
; I 0
took upon me 0
, one Saturday noon ( he 28
was always worse on Saturdays ) , to hint to him 28
, very kindly , that perhaps now that he 28
was growing old , it might be well to abridge his 28
labors ; in short , he 28
need not come to after twelve o'clock , but , dinner over , had best go home 34
to and rest himself 28
till teatime .
But no ; he 28
insisted upon his 28
afternoon devotions .
His 28
countenance became intolerably fervid , as he 28
oratorically assured me 0
-- gesticulating with a long ruler at the other end of the room 36
-- that if his 28
services in the morning were useful , how indispensable , then , in the afternoon ?
" With submission , sir 0
, " said Turkey 28
on this occasion , " I 28
consider myself 28
.
In the morning I 28
but marshal and deploy my 28
columns ; but in the afternoon I 28
put myself 28
at their head , and gallantly charge the foe 37
, thus ! "
-- and he 28
made a violent thrust with the ruler .
" But the blots , Turkey 28
, " intimated I. 0
" True , -- but , with submission , sir 0
, behold these hairs !
I 28
am getting old .
Surely , sir 0
, a blot or two of a warm afternoon is not to be severely urged against gray hairs .
Old age -- even if it blot the page -- is honorable .
With submission , sir 0
, we 38
_ both _ are getting old . "
This appeal to my 0
fellow-feeling was hardly to be resisted .
At all events , I 0
saw that go he 28
would not .
So I 0
made up my 0
mind to let him 28
stay , resolving , nevertheless , to see to it , that during the afternoon he 28
had to do with my 0
less important papers .
Nippers 29
, the second on my 0
list , was a whiskered , sallow , and , upon the whole , rather piratical-looking young man of about five and twenty 67
.
I 0
always deemed him 29
the victim of two evil powers -- ambition and indigestion .
The ambition was evinced by a certain impatience of the duties of a mere copyist 39
, an unwarrantable usurpation of strictly professional affairs , such as the original drawing up of legal documents .
The indigestion seemed betokened in an occasional nervous testiness and grinning irritability , causing the teeth to audibly grind together over mistakes committed in copying ; unnecessary maledictions , hissed , rather than spoken , in the heat of business ; and especially by a continual discontent with the height of the table where he 29
worked .
Though of a very ingenious mechanical turn , Nippers 29
could never get this table to suit him 29
.
He 29
put chips under it , blocks of various sorts , bits of pasteboard , and at last went so far as to attempt an exquisite adjustment by final pieces of folded blotting paper .
But no invention would answer .
If , for the sake of easing his 29
back , he 29
brought the table lid at a sharp angle well up towards his 29
chin , and wrote there like a man using the steep roof of
a Dutch house 41
for
his 40
desk
40 : -- then he 29
declared that it stopped the circulation in his 29
arms .
If now he 29
lowered the table to his 29
waistbands , and stooped over it in writing , then there was a sore aching in his 29
back .
In short , the truth of the matter was , Nippers 29
knew not what he 29
wanted .
Or , if he 29
wanted any thing , it was to be rid of a scrivener 's table altogether .
Among the manifestations of his 29
diseased ambition was a fondness he 29
had for receiving visits from certain ambiguous-looking fellows in seedy coats , whom
he 29
called
42 .
Indeed I 0
was aware that not only was he 29
, at times , considerable of a ward-politician 43
, but he 29
occasionally did a little business at the Justices 44
' courts
45 , and was not unknown on the steps of the Tombs 46
.
I 0
have good reason to believe , however , that one individual who called upon
him 29
at
, and who , with a grand air ,
he 29
insisted was
47 , was no other than a dun 47
, and the alleged title-deed , a bill .
But with all his 29
failings , and the annoyances he 29
caused me 0
, Nippers 29
, like Turkey 28
, was a very useful man to
me 0
68 ; wrote a neat , swift hand ; and , when he 29
chose , was not deficient in a gentlemanly sort of deportment .
Added to this , he 29
always dressed in a gentlemanly sort of way ; and so , incidentally , reflected credit upon .
Whereas with respect to Turkey 28
, I 0
had much ado to keep him 28
from being a reproach to me 0
.
His 28
clothes were apt to look oily and smell of eating-houses 48
.
He 28
wore his 28
pantaloons very loose and baggy in summer .
His 28
coats were execrable ; his 28
hat not to be handled .
But while the hat was a thing of indifference to me 0
, inasmuch as his 28
natural civility and deference , as a dependent Englishman 49
, always led him 28
to doff it the moment he 28
entered the room 50
, yet his 28
coat was another matter .
Concerning his 28
coats , I 0
reasoned with him 28
; but with no effect .
The truth was , I 0
suppose , that a man of so small an income 51
, could not afford to sport such a lustrous face and a lustrous coat at one and the same time .
As Nippers 29
once observed , Turkey 28
's money went chiefly for red ink .
One winter day I 0
presented Turkey 28
with a highly-respectable looking coat of my 0
own , a padded gray coat , of a most comfortable warmth , and which buttoned straight up from the knee to the neck .
I 0
thought Turkey 28
would appreciate the favor , and abate his 28
rashness and obstreperousness of afternoons .
But no .
I 0
verily believe that buttoning himself 28
up in so downy and blanket-like a coat had a pernicious effect upon him 28
; upon the same principle that too much oats are bad for horses .
In fact , precisely as a rash , restive horse is said to feel his oats , so Turkey 28
felt his 28
coat .
It made him 28
insolent .
He 28
was a man whom prosperity harmed 58
.